Looking at the schematic of the MIDI IO board for the STM32F4, I could not find a reason why it would not work as a a MIDI 3/4 extension for the older LPC17 core. Just wire J4B, J5.A6 and .A7 properly to the J1 of the new board (& gnd/5v).
yes, you can use the same board, but since LPC17 Tx pins are working at 3.3V level (and not in push-pull mode), you’ve to change some resistor values: