As far as i know the C64 PSU delivers 9V AC, which are, after the bridge rectifier ca 9V * 1.4 or 12V, which are then fed into the 7809. But this may well be wrong
Nope, that 12V to 9VDC transformation sounds about right. The trick is that one of the PSU setup variants lifts the virtual ground of the 7809 with +5VDC to obtain 14V. That’s referred to as PSU option B if referring to the MB6582. If you’re rolling your own baseboard you could still nick a few ideas from there. 14V would only be needed from 6581 chips anyway.