On the one hand, as Shuriken said, it looks pretty difficult, and you’d be dealing with sampled audio so you’d need an entirely separate ADC and probably dedicated processor to put what you’re sampling into its RAM.
On the other hand, if it makes no distinction between sample operators and FM operators, it sounds like you can FM-modulate the sample, which is pretty advanced. Add in a live sampling capability and this could be a pretty crazy machine.
Overall, I think this thread belongs in the “Pipe Dreams” section of the forum.
If you have the schematics for the Saturn the hardware side is probably within grasp. I think this chip is too rare for it to make sense… and pulling those LQFP chips without proper desoldering gear is not going to be fun.
At the end of the day, though, I think you’d spend as much time implementing the software to control this thing reliably as you would implementing comparable functionality in an FPGA or software. Wavetable-based FM isn’t exactly rocket science.