the first 2 digits are the maximal allowed incoming VAC, the second number is the maximum of mA, so a B80C1500 means bridge rectifier for max 80V alternating current and a max of 1.5A.
if they have a matching pinout to the one recommended you can use higher values.
You’re able to create your own PCB but not able to read a bridge rectifier rating even after it is explained by another forum member? That’s perculiar imho.
Anyway, yes, a recifier rated for 50V(ac) and 1,5A (1500mA) is sufficiently rated to put behind a PSU that supplies 12V(ac) at 600mA. Rule of thumb is that you multiply the Vac rating by 1,4 to (roughly) know the Vdc rating, and 12 x 1,4 is 16,8 which is still way below 50.