I had these same type problems when selecting '165s. I found some 'LS165’s that would work and some that would not. I’m thinking the ones that worked were from hitachi or toshiba… I finally gave up and went exclusively with 'HCs no matter the manufacturer, they all seem to function correctly.
Of course, if possible, populate the boards with chips from the same company.
I have standardized on some that I can get locally… CD74HC165E 's from RCA.
uhhh… i will happily sent you one… but I would think the shipping to Deutschland is about 100 times the cost of the chip. maybe the spec should be changed to reflect the ‘HC’ version for klein bisschen mehr geld. I can get the LS and HC versions in the US for the same price… approx. 45pfennig.